Le nouveau système national de surveillance permet de recenser annuellement, à partir du 1er janvier 2005, les cas d'intoxications au monoxyde de carbone (CO). L'analyse des données de morbidité hospitalière (1997-2005) du programme de médicalisation des systèmes d'information (PMSI) et de mortalité (1997-2002) du Cépi-DC (Inserm) a été effectuée par la Cellule interrégionale d'épidémiologie (Cire) du Languedoc-Roussillon. Les objectifs étaient d'établir un bilan régional des données sanitaires existantes et de disposer de tendances antérieures à 2005. Acute carbon monoxide poisonings in the Languedoc-Roussillon region An overview on hospital morbidity (1997-2005) and mortality (1997-2002) From 1 January 2005, the new national surveillance system has enabled the detection of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning cases. Hospital morbidity data (1997-2005) of the information systems medicalisation programme (PMSI), and mortality data (1997-2002) of the Cépi-DC (Inserm) were analysed by the Languedoc-Roussillon regional epidemiological unit. The objective was to have a regional overview on existing health data and to know trends prior to 2005. The results show an annual regional incidence of 6.3/100 000 in hospital admissions due to CO poisonings. A proportion of 73% of the poisonings occur during winter. The men-women sex-ratio is 1.1, and the 0-14 years are significantly the most affected age group. An average of 13% of patients were admitted in hyperbaric chambers. The annual mortality rate, for all poisoning origins, is 0.8/100 000 inhabitants over the whole region. The number of deaths is equal for the different causes of poisoning (accident, fire, suicide). This study provides information on regional trends previously to the implementation of a new CO surveillance system. Primary prevention of CO poisonings includes communication campaigns towards the community before and during the winter season, and actions towards health professionals to raise their awareness, in order to improve notifications. Epidemiological surveillance will provide information enabling to amend prevention messages, if necessary.
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